- Gross Domestic Product
- Methods of Calculating GDP
- Nominal Vs. Real GDP
- GDP, National Income, and Personal Income
- Relationship Between Saving, Investment, Fiscal Balance, and Trade Balance
- The IS Curve
- The LM Curve
- Aggregate Demand Curve
- Aggregate Supply Curve
- Shifts in Aggregate Demand Curve
- Shifts in Supply Curve
- Macroeconomic Equilibrium
- Economic Growth and Inflation
- Business Cycle and Economics
- Impact of Changes in Aggregate Supply and Demand
- Sources, Measurement, and Sustainability of Economic Growth
- The Production Function
The IS Curve
The IS curve shows all the combinations of interest rates i and outputs Y for which the goods market is in equilibrium.
To derive the IS curve, we equate the aggregate income with the aggregate expenditure:
Aggregate Income = Aggregate Expenditure
C + S + T = C + I + G + (X – M)
This can be simplified as follows:
(S – I) = (G – T) + (X – M)
This means that the excess savings minus investments goes towards funding government deficit and it also helps in supporting a trade surplus. This equation can be used to derive the IS Curve.
We will work with two graphs.
The first graph plots Income (Y) with (S – I). When income (Y) increases, savings (S) also increase. Investments (I) also increase, however, the increase in investments is less than the increase in savings. This means that S – I goes up. This will result in an upward sloping (S - I) curve.
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