- Types of Markets in Economics
- Demand Function and Demand Curve
- Supply Function and Supply Curve
- Shifts in Demand and Supply Curves
- Aggregating Demand and Supply Curves and Concept of Equilibrium
- Excess Demand and Excess Supply
- Stable and Unstable Equilibrium
- Types of Auctions
- Four Methods of Distributing Government Securities
- Consumer and Producer Surplus
- Effects of Government Regulation on Demand and Supply
- Price Elasticity of Demand
- Income Elasticity of Demand
- Cross Price Elasticity of Demand
Stable and Unstable Equilibrium
When the demand and quantity deviate from their equilibrium levels, the market forces will interact with each other to bring the price and quantity back to its equilibrium level. As long as this is possible the equilibrium is labelled as stable.
The equilibrium will be stable as long as the supply curve cuts through the demand curve from above, irrespective of whether the supply curve slopes upwards or downwards. The equilibrium will be stable in both the situations below:
However, there are some situations where the equilibrium is unstable. For example, when the slope of the supply curve is less than the demand curve or when the supply function is non-linear.
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