Lessons
- CFA Level 2: Financial Reporting Part 3 – Introduction
- Various Definitions of Earnings
- Total Comprehensive Income
- Earnings and Cash Flows
- Derivatives Hedging and Financial Reporting
- Cash Basis Accounting vs. Accrual Basis Accounting
- Management Motivations for Financial Statement Manipulation
- Measures of Earnings Quality
- Analyzing Earnings Quality - the Accruals Ratio
- Financial Reporting Problems and Warning Signs
- Financial Statement Analysis - Ratio Analysis
- Adjusting a Company's Reported Financial Statements
Earnings and Cash Flows
- This segment has focused on earnings; when reporting earnings management has certain discretion over the treatment of gains, losses, and expenses.
- Cash inflows and outflows can provide the analyst with a more objective view of the company's economic reality.
- Analysts should compare trends in net income with trends in cash flow from operations and may be rightfully skeptical of firms that report trends in earnings growth which are not matched by similar trends in cash flows from operations.
- Summary of cash flow treatment under GAAP and IFRS
| ITEM | U.S. GAAP | IFRS |
|---|---|---|
| Interest Received | Operations | Operations or Investing |
| Interest Paid | Operations | Operations or Financing |
| Dividends Received | Operations | Operations or Investing |
| Dividends Paid | Financing | Operations or Financing |
| Taxed Paid | Operations | Operations, Investing or Financing |
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