Articles
Four Methods of Distributing Government Securities
The central governments use one of the following four methods to distribute a new issue of securities: Regular calendar...
Credit Risk and Rating of Sovereign Debt
As we have learned earlier, the investors in bonds are exposed to credit risk as there is a chance that the issuer may d...
Types of Bond Markets
Even though there is no standard classification of bond market, we can broadly classify bonds from the perspective of a ...
Constructing a Real Estate Price Index: The Moroccan Experie...
The real estate sector became a centre of attention over the last few years, given the extent of its effects on fin...
Event Risk and Sovereign Risk in Bonds
Event Risk The investors in bonds may also face event risk, i.e., the risk that the issuer will not be able to meet i...
Volatility Risk in Bonds with Embedded Options
Bonds with embedded options such as call options and put options also have volatility risk. This happens because any fac...
Inflation Risk in Bonds
Almost all bonds expose an investor to inflation risk, also known as purchasing power risk. It is a risk that the increa...
Exchange Rate Risk in Bonds
Some bonds and other fixed income products also expose the investor to exchange rate risk (also known as currency risk)....
Carry Markets and Forward Prices
A commodity is said to be in carry when it is being stored rather than traded. The concept is similar to financial marke...
Liquidity Risk in Bonds
Investors in bonds also face liquidity risk. This is the risk that the investor may have to sell the bond at a price low...
Credit Risk in Bonds
The investors in a bond issue also face credit risk as they are actually lending money to the issuer. The credit risk ca...
Reinvestment Risk in Bonds
Investors in fixed income securities, such as bonds, face reinvestment risk. The risk arises from the fact that the inve...
Basis Risk in Commodities Hedging
The concept of basis risk in the commodities markets is similar to basis risk in financial products. It occurs when spo...
Factors Affecting Commodity Market Prices
Cash prices are derived from the futures markets by removing the effect of the cost of carrying the commodity i.e. by st...
Basic Commodity Terminology
Market Characteristics Commodities have specific features that distinguish them from financial instruments. Financia...
Yield Curve Risk
We know that the bond prices are sensitive to changes in interest rates. When interest rates increase, the bond prices f...
Call and Prepayment Risk
A bond may have a call provision that allow the issuer to call the bond back before its maturity date. Since a call feat...
Formula to Check if a Cell Contains #N/A
Sometimes you will have a formula in a series of cells and in some of those cells there is an error and the cell display...
How to Delete Blank Rows Using Excel VBA?
Here is a simple problem, you have a set of data in an excel sheet, but there are many empty rows. What you want to do i...
Why take Excel Training?
Sales figures of a cement depot, student admissions month on month in a training center, cost, budget and sales projecti...
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